![]() Although these errors are relatively small, it is possible that they may be propagated during the inversion process and result in distorted resistivity models. ![]() Similarly, for angled survey lines with angles smaller than π/4 radians, these errors remain below 4% and 6.5%. For a curved survey line with curvature of less than π/2 radians, the errors in both the calculated apparent resistivities and assumed pseudo-depths are less than 3%. In addition, the recorded apparent resistivity data may be representative of the subsurface conditions at positions laterally displaced from the survey line. When survey lines are curved/angled, the apparent resistivity values and assumed pseudo-depths are affected by the noncollinearity of the electrode pairs. However, due to the presence of infrastructure and other surface constraints it is not always possible to conduct 2D resistivity surveys along straight lines. ![]() ![]() The standard protocols used for 2D surveying assume that the survey lines are straight so that the various electrode pairs are collinear. Multi-electrode resistivity systems, such as the Lund Imaging System, employ protocols that control switching between the various electrode pairs. ![]()
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